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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 24(4): e18737, jul./ago. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-947757

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: identificar as expectativas dos enfermeiros em ensinar e aprender na consulta de enfermagem em braquiterapia ginecológica e discutir os nexos entre as intencionalidades expressas por estes profissionais. Método: estudo descritivo, embasado na Fenomenologia Sociológica e realizado no período de janeiro a maio de 2012. Os participantes foram seis enfermeiros que atuam em dois serviços de referência em radioterapia. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas fenomenológicas. Resultados: da análise dos depoimentos emergiram duas categorias concretas do vivido: Atender à singularidade dos sujeitos no tratamento e Valorizar o cuidado técnico. Conclusão: o tipo vivido dos enfermeiros é o de profissionais com sensibilidade para adaptar o cuidado individual à tecnologia, em que o ensinar e aprender na consulta de enfermagem subsidiam o enfermeiro a compreender cada cliente com seu grau de entendimento, o que exige personalizar o atendimento, a fim de que haja qualidade de vida no tratamento.


Objectives: to identify nurses' expectations in teaching and learning in the gynecological brachytherapy nursing appointment and to discuss the links between the intentionalities expressed by these professionals. Method: this descriptive study, based on Sociological Phenomenology, was conducted from January to May 2012. The participants were six nurses working in two radiotherapy referral services. Data were obtained by phenomenological interview. Results: analysis of the declarations yielded two concrete categories of lived experience: Contemplating the uniqueness of each subject in treatment; and Giving due value to the technical care. Conclusion: the lived experience of nurses is that of professionals with the sensitivity to adapt individual care to the technology, where teaching and learning in the nursing appointment provides nurses with input to understanding each client with their own degree of understanding, which is what demands personalized care, so that there is quality of life in the treatment.


Objetivos: identificar las expectativas de los enfermeros en enseñar y aprender durante la consulta de enfermería en braquiterapia ginecológica y discutir los nexos entre las intenciones expresadas por estos profesionales. Método: estudio descriptivo, basado en la Fenomenología Sociológica y llevado a cabo de enero a mayo de 2012. Los participantes fueron seis enfermeros que trabajan en dos servicios de referencia en radioterapia. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas fenomenológicas. Resultados: del análisis de las declaraciones emergieron dos categorías concretas de experiencias: Atender a la singularidad de los sujetos en el tratamiento y valorar el cuidado técnico. Conclusión: los enfermeros se mostraron profesionales con sensibilidad para adaptar el cuidado individual a la tecnología, en la cual el enseñar y el aprender en la consulta de enfermería subsidian al enfermero a comprender a cada cliente con su nivel de entendimiento, lo que requiere personalizar la atención para que haya calidad de vida en el tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Radiotherapy , Brachytherapy/nursing , Office Nursing , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Nurse's Role , Nursing Care , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Nursing , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/nursing , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Qualitative Research , Humanization of Assistance
2.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 36(3): 359-366, 01/07/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-2562

ABSTRACT

Cervical cancer is the fourth type of women neoplasia, with thousands of new cases annually. It is closely related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which has more than 13 oncogenic types, among them HPV 16 and 18 are implicated in 70% of cervical carcinoma cases. Alkaloids are nitrogenated and naturally occurring compounds, showing several uses in medical treatment, including cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. In this work we aim to evaluate the cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic potential of alkaloids against cervical cancer. In order to accomplish this purpose, we have made a survey of potentially effective alkaloids with cytotoxic activities over HPV-16+ and HPV-18+ cells (HeLa cells). Through a literature review between the years of 1980 and 2015, we described the major alkaloid sources, distribution in nature and also discussed the mechanisms of action for their cytotoxicity. We found that alkaloids showed efficacy as cytotoxic agents, inhibiting cell growth of the HPV-transformed cells in vitro and in vivo by means of activation of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis, which included the clivage of caspases and PARP-1 (Poli-Adenosyl- Ribose Protease 1), increase in p53 expression, release of cytochrome C and increase of cell death receptors expression like Fas, mainly observed in HeLa (HPV- 18+) cell lines. Moreover, these secondary metabolites helped in modulating the MDR (Multi-Drug Resistance) against the cell lines studied, which lead us to suggest their possible use as chemotherapeutic agents on the lesions caused by these viruses


O câncer cervical é a quarta neoplasia incidente em mulheres, com o surgimento de milhares de novos casos anualmente. Está altamente relacionado à infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV), que apresenta mais de 13 tipos oncogênicos, dentre os quais os tipos 16 e 18 são encontrados em 70% dos casos de câncer do colo do útero (câncer cervical). Alcaloides são substâncias naturais nitrogenadas que apresentam diversos usos na terapia, incluindo atividades antineoplásica e citotóxica. Neste sentido, objetivamos neste trabalho avaliar o potencial citotóxico e quimioterápico de alcaloides sobre o câncer cervical. Para tanto, relacionamos os alcaloides com potencial citotóxico sobre HPV- 16+ e HPV-18+ (células HeLa), bem como mostramos suas principais fontes de obtenção, distribuição na natureza e discutimos os mecanismos de ação pelos quais realizam seu efeito citotóxico, através de uma revisão bibliográfica realizada entre o período de 1980 e 2015. Os alcaloides mostraram-se eficazes como drogas citotóxicas, inibindo o crescimento de células alteradas pelo HPV tanto in vitro quanto in vivo, com ativação de mecanismos intrínsecos e extrínsecos de apoptose, tais como ativação das caspases, clivagem de PARP-1 (Poli-ADP-Ribose Protease 1), aumento da expressão de p53, liberação de citocromo C e aumento da expressão de receptores de morte como o Fas, principalmente em células das linhagens HeLa (HPV-18+). Adicionalmente, esses metabólitos secundários auxiliaram na modulação da resistência a múltiplas drogas pelas linhagens de células estudadas, o que nos leva a sugerir o seu possível uso na quimioterapia das lesões provocadas por estes vírus.


Subject(s)
Alkaloids/therapeutic use , Alkaloids/toxicity , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Papillomaviridae
3.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 72(3): 171-176, sep. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-664613

ABSTRACT

Determinar la distribución de VPH entre hombres y mujeres con técnicas de biología molecular con la finalidad de aportar información epidemiológica para la evaluación de la utilidad del uso de las vacunas contra VPH en la población. Se procesaron muestras de hisopados endocervicales, uretrales, balano prepuciales, biopsias y cepillados cervicales, para extracción de ADN: Kit AxyPrep Body Fluid Viral DNA/RNA Miniprep (Axygen), para la amplificación: Kit INNO-LIPA HPV Genotyping Extra. Se recolectaron datos en el sistema electrónico INFOLAB. 1 545 pacientes en total fueron separados por sexo, grupo etario y amplificación de ADN-VPH. 77,6 por ciento de los pacientes del sexo masculino y 67,9 por ciento del sexo femenino resultaron positivos para la amplificación de ADN-VPH. Se encontró un pico de positividad entre los 30 a 34 años de edad (24,3 por ciento) al igual que para el sexo masculino (20,0 por ciento). En el sexo femenino 50,6 por ciento,0 por ciento a otros genotipos. En el sexo masculino 41,3 por ciento corresponde a VPH-AR, 34,6 por ciento VPH-BR y un 24,2 por ciento a otros genotipos. Los genotipos AR detectados con más frecuencia fueron VPH-52/51/16 y los de BR VPH-6/11. El cáncer cervical es un problema de salud pública. El tamizaje con citología no ha tenido impacto sobre la prevalencia, se sugiere el uso de pruebas más sensibles. Se debe evaluar el uso de la vacuna en conjunto con otras estrategias, realizando un análisis identificando las debilidades y fortalezas, con la finalidad de establecer programas de prevención óptimos


Determine the distribution of HPV in men and women with Molecular Biology techniques in order to provide epidemiological information to evaluate the usefulness of the HPV vaccine in the population. Samples of endocervical swabs, urethral, preputial, biopsies and cervical scrapes for DNA extraction: Body Fluid Kit AxyPrep Viral DNA / RNA Miniprep (Axygen) for the amplification: INNO-LIPA HPV Kit Extra Genotyping. Data were collected in the electronic system Infolab. 1 545 patients in total were separated by sex, age group and HPV DNA amplification. 77.6 percent of male patients and 67.9 percent of females were positive for HPV DNA amplification. We found a positive peak between 30 and 34 years of age (24.3 percent) as well as for males (20.0 percent). Among females 50.6 percent of genotypes identified corresponded to HR-HPV, 22.4 percent to HPV-LR, 27.0 percent for other genotypes. In males, 41.3 percent were HR-HPV, HPV-LR 34.6 percent and 24.2 percent other genotypes. AR genotypes detected more frequently were HPV- 52/51/16 and LR were HPV-6/11. Cervical cancer is a public health problem. Cytology screening has had no impact on the prevalence, we suggest the use of more sensitive tests. It is necessary to evaluate the use of the vaccine in conjunction with other strategies, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses identified, in order to establish optimal prevention programs


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Papillomavirus Infections/therapy , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Genotyping Techniques/methods , Papillomavirus Vaccines , Papillomavirus Vaccines/therapeutic use , Gynecology , Medical Oncology
4.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 29(4): 473-7, Apr. 1996. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-163888

ABSTRACT

Patients with advanced cervical cancer have deficient natural killer (NK) cell activity, usually as a consequence of tumor invasion, which results in tumor NK cell sequestration. The reason for the occurrence of such alterations in patients under chemotherapy is unknown. We evaluated the activity and number of NK cells and T cell subpopulations in ten patients before and three weeks after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT). The schedule used was cis-platinum (100 Mg/M2 per cycle) and bleomycin (15 mg/cycle), repeated every 28 days. Although there were similar levels of NK cells before and after CT in both groups, we observed greater cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes and increased levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (P<0.01) in five patients who presented a good clinical response when compared to the group with a poor response. IL- 12, known to increase NK cell activity when added to peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, markedly increased lytic activity before and after CT only in the group with a good clinical response. These results suggest that NK cells from the poorly responding patient group express less lytic activity per NK cell and are insensitive to IL- 12 stimulation, probably as a result of reduced IL-12 receptor expression or a defective intracellular transduction mechanism. The present findings may be useful as a prognostic factor in clinical practice and also provide support for human clinical trials of IL- 12 and neoadjuvant CT for the treatment of malignant cervical tumors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Interleukin-12/physiology , Killer Cells, Natural/physiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/complications , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Flow Cytometry , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
5.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 4(2): 73-5, nov. 1995. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-259265

ABSTRACT

Estudio restrocpectivo de 17 historias con diagnóstico de embarazo pos-conización cervical uterina en elHospital Patriciano Peñuela Ruíz, desde marzo 1985 amarzo 1995. La distribución por edad es 41,18 por ciento en pacientes de 31 a 35 años. El 58,82 por ciento tiene procedencia urbana. La ocupación más frecuente es oficios del hogar. El 88,24 por ciento corresponde a multiparas. NIC III es la principal causa de conización y el 65,72 por ciento no acudió a controles sucesivos. El 57,06 por ciento de los embarazos ocurrieron en los 12 meses siguientes al cono y 59,9 por ciento culminó entre las 37 y 41 semanas de gestación con 76,57 por ciento en cesárea segmentaria


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pregnancy , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Cesarean Section/methods , Conization , Pregnancy Complications/surgery , Pregnancy/metabolism , Venezuela
6.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 46(1): 70, ene.-mar. 1995.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-293090

ABSTRACT

Se investigó la relación del uso del acetato de medroxiprogesterona de depósito (DMPA)) con el riesgo de carcinoma cervical in situ utilizando los datos de un gran estudio multinacional de casos y controles hospitalarios. Para evitar posibles riesgos de detección por los tamizajes con frotis de papanicolau, se restringieron los análisis finales a un subgrupo de casos con síntomas en el momento de su diagnóstico de carcinoma cervical in situ. En relación con las no usuarias, el riesgo fue elevado en mujeres que habían utilizado alguna vez DMPA y aumento con la relación de su uso. Se observaron tendencias decrecientes en el riesgo relativo con los tiempos desde el primero y el último en usuarios de largo término. Los resultados de otra porción de este mismo estudio no demostraron una relación con el cáncer cervical invasivo con el uso de DMPA. Estos hallazgos sugieren que si la DMPA aumenta el riesgo de carcinoma cervical in situ entonces o bien éste es un efecto reversible o las lesiones cervicales inducidas por el DMPA no tienen a progresar hacia enfermedad invasiva


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/drug therapy , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/therapy , Medroxyprogesterone , Medroxyprogesterone/therapeutic use
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